Biomimetic synthesis and characterization of calcium silicate and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from natural sources (Rice husk ash and Mollusc shell)

Abstract

Implant materials in the human body are exposed the different conditions such as different pH and partial of oxygen, mechanical stress, cyclic stress etc. Above conditions mechanical stress and cyclic stress is inducing wear and fretting which in turn accelerate the process of metal ion release in the human body. Released metal ions in general combine with water molecule or an anion to form an oxide, hydroxide or inorganic salt- which in turns act with the biomolecules and produce the cytotoxicity, allergy and carcinogenic effect. A suitable biocompatible coating on the implant materials reduces the possibility of metal ions. Therefore, coating with materials such as silica, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate and hydroxyapatite may be attempted on commercially available implant materials. But in the process, synthesis of materials is an important issue. In the present study, silica, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate and hydroxyapatite are synthesized from natural resources- rice husk ash and mollusk shell and they are characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to know chemical compositions, microstructural features and organic-inorganic interactions.