Effects of cooling rate on the formation of kappa phase in the CU-AI-Ni-Fe-Mn system

For the past twenty five years, aluminium bronzes of the `complex' type have been produced by the additions of iron, nickel and manganese in amounts of the order of 5%, 5%, and 1%, respectively, with aluminium close to 10% Since the alloy combines excellent strength, ductility and corrosion resistance of both static and fatigue type, with a high degree of castability, it finds widespread use as naval propeller material and in other marine applications.
Other useful properties of complex aluminium bronzes
include high wear resistance, oxidation resistance, good
croop strength and also elevated temperature tensile
strength.