Ladle Metallurgy using the Scandinavian Lancers System

Abstract

The Scandinavian Lancers Ladle Injection Metallurgy System is a metallurgical process that was developed jointly by Scandinavian steel industry and MEFOS, a foundation for metallurgical research located in Sweden. The development work was initiated in 1972 with MEFOS studying the fundamental principles of ladle injection. Considerable study was done on turbulence phenomena in agitated ladles, heat, mass and momentum transfer.Once the fundamental principles were under-stood, laboratory tests were conducted in 6-10 ton heats to evaluate the metallurgical results of injecting various powders. At this point the test work was moved to producing plants to determine that the theory and laboratory results could be obtained under actual operating conditions.