Transport phenomena and process modelling issues in mineral processing operations

The transport phenomena in complicated mineral processing systems are far from being properly understood. In depth understanding of the transport phenomena mechanisms in the complex mineral processing systems is a prerequisite for any attempt to model, predict and control the performance of the process. Computer based process modelling and simulation continued to play a major role for the understanding of transport phenomena and various unit processes in mineral processing systems. Process models of several processing units, such as wet ball mills, floatation circuits and hydrocyclones are now available which can be used with confidence for the optimisation of existing circuits and design of new circuits. This article focuses on the basic issues of transport phenomena and pertinent process modelling paradigms required for quantification of transport sub-processes in some of the current mineral processing systems. It also discusses some of the basic concepts and mechanisms evolved over the years in transport process analysis and modelling in mineral industry. Some typical examples have been discussed in the light of literature information to appreciate and enhance the present understanding of these phenomena in the realm of mineral processing operations.